The reason for using a power adapter for an lcd monitor is simple: Regulation.
Not as in a requirement, but as in protection by supplying a constant voltage.
Most lcd monitors sold for automotive use can handle automotive voltage safely and there is some sort of regulating going on internally. There has to be. LCD panels in general need 3.3 or 5 volts to operate, and only need this to be a few milliamps.
But, as I am sure you have seen plastered all over here and possibly other forums the failure rate among lcd monitors in the automotive world is quite high. Why? because they are being fed Unregulated power. A car typically outputs 11.5 to 14+ volts DC at any given moment. This constant fluxuation of voltage is death for electronics. Most can handle .6-1.2 volts in either direction over a short time, but the constant up/down of the voltage roller coaster that some of these monitors sees is simply more than they can handle.
By using a Regulated power supply, you are providing a smooth, constant, true 12 volts to your equipment, and thus ensuring that you won't be sentencing your LCD monitor to an early grave.
Now you may be wondering, why don't other automotive electronics suffer a similiar fate? They don't require a regulator or power adapter right?
Well, yes...and no. Car audio, and electronic components in your car have regulation built in. This regulation is much better circuitry, and, with the exception of the audio equipment, most of the componets don't draw enough amps to be a problem, so onboard regulation does not require much in the way of circuitry, electronics, etc.
So, IMO, to be safe and to protect your investment, use a dc-dc power adapter, a voltage regulator, or a dc-dc power supply.
Depending on what all you plan to run in your car, a single source will provide enough available amps to run several components.



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